A Legal Analysis of the Effects of Violating the Resolutions of the Money and Credit Council in Banking Contracts (A Case Study of Civil Partnership Contracts with Unauthorized Interest Rates)

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Jurisprudence and Principles of Islamic Law, Faculty of Family Jurisprudence, Al-Mustafa Open University, Al-Mustafa International University, Qom, Iran.

Abstract

This research examines the legal effects of violating the interest rates approved by the Money and Credit Council in banking civil partnership contracts. Emphasizing the Supreme Court's Unified Precedent No. 794, it is argued that the resolutions of this council are of a mandatory nature and related to public economic order. The findings indicate that a clause stipulating an interest exceeding the approved rate is null and void pursuant to Article 232 of the Civil Code due to its illegality; however, this nullity is confined to the clause itself and does not affect the validity of the core contract. This precedent, as an authoritative interpretation of the law, applies retroactively to contracts concluded prior to its issuance, unless a final judgment had already been rendered and executed. Furthermore, based on Article 142 of the Code of Civil Procedure, a claim for the nullity of such a clause does not require filing a separate lawsuit and can be raised as a defensible objection, and the court is obligated to investigate it ex officio, even without commissioning an expert opinion. Ultimately, the article emphasizes that while a violation of the approved rate typically results only in the nullity of the specific clause, in cases where the partnership contract is used as a facade for a usurious loan, the entire contract will be void due to its non-conformity with the true intent of the parties and its usurious nature.

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References

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منابع الکترونیکی
پایگاه اطلاع‌رسانی دیوان عالی کشور. (بی‌تا). قوانین قضایی. بازیابی شده از https://rrk.ir/Laws/ShowLaw.aspx?Code=22310
صفحه اصلی. (بی‌تا). بازیابی شده از https://www.neshast.org/Home/GetPublicJSession

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