The Role of Social Responsibility in the Development and Reinforcement of Public Welfare Based on Jurisprudential Sources

Social responsibility, as one of the fundamental pillars of social ethics and a catalyst for the new Islamic civilization, is not merely a social contract, an ethical recommendation in local culture, or a key principle in international sustainable development documents. Rather, it is a religious and rational obligation grounded in jurisprudential foundations. This research, employing a descriptive-analytical method, explores the jurisprudential foundations of social responsibility. In this context, the four primary sources of inference (adillah al-arba'ah: the Qur'an, the Sunnah, reason, and consensus) are examined, and jurisprudential rules such as la darar (no harm), itlaf (causing loss), tasbib (causation), ghurur (deception), ihsan (doing good), and nafy al-sabil (preventing domination) are analyzed as its main underpinnings. The findings indicate that social responsibility in Shi'a jurisprudence is a mandatory obligation for preserving the social order and achieving public justice, playing a role at the individual, social, and even governmental levels. Historically, it has manifested in institutions such as hisbah (public accountability), waqf (endowment), and takaful (mutual responsibility), fostering responsible, committed, and active citizens. Furthermore, in the contemporary era, this concept can provide an effective framework for addressing challenges in economics (justice in wealth distribution and prohibition of hoarding), culture and media (combating rumors and promoting ethical values), the environment (safeguarding natural resources based on the rule of la darar), and governance (accountability, transparency, and social justice). The research concludes that social responsibility in Imami jurisprudence provides a comprehensive model for the development and reinforcement of public welfare, capable of paving the way for the realization of social justice, human solidarity, and the enhancement of social capital in the modern world.